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Riding & Energy Flow

Riding Data & Regen

Understand power consumption, regenerative braking, and thermal management in your Zero's riding logs.

TL;DR

Positive amps = consuming energy (accelerating). Negative amps while riding = regenerative braking (recovering energy). Zero temps should stay under 80°C for motor and 65°C for controller during normal operation.

Understanding Current Flow

The current fields (BattAmps, MotAmps, I) tell you what the bike is doing. The sign and context determine the state:

Consuming
I > 0 while riding

Positive current means energy flowing from battery to motor. This is normal acceleration or maintaining speed.

BattAmps: +85 → Heavy acceleration
Regenerating
I < 0 while M:Bike On

Negative current while riding = motor acting as generator, pushing energy back to the battery.

BattAmps: -25 → Regen braking
Charging
I < 0 while M:Charge

Negative current with Charge mode = plugged in and charging from external power.

I: -15, M:Charge → Active charging
Neutral
I ≈ 0

Near-zero current means bike is on but stationary, or coasting with throttle released.

BattAmps: 0 → Stopped or coasting

Regenerative Braking

Regenerative braking is one of the key efficiency advantages of electric vehicles. When you release the throttle or apply brakes, the motor becomes a generator:

75%
Battery
+85A
3500 RPM
Motor
Accelerating

Energy flows from battery to motor for propulsion

Log entry: BattAmps: 85, MotRPM: 3500, M:Bike On

How It Works

1. You release the throttle or brake

2. Controller reverses motor field to create resistance

3. Wheel momentum spins motor, generating electricity

4. BMS directs recovered energy to battery cells

5. You see negative amps in logs during this process

Typical Efficiency

Real-world regen recovery is typically 60-70% efficient. Energy lost to:

  • • Conversion losses in motor/controller
  • • Internal resistance in battery
  • • Heat dissipation
Pro tip: Hilly terrain and stop-and-go traffic maximize regen opportunities.

Temperature Management

Heat is the enemy of battery life and component longevity. Your logs track multiple temperature points to ensure everything stays within safe limits:

FieldLocationNormalWarningAction
MotTempIPM Motor<80°C>100°CPower derating
CtrlTempSevcon Controller<65°C>80°CPower derating
PT / PackTempBattery Pack15-35°C>45°CCharge limit
BTBMS Board<50°C>60°CMonitoring
AmbTempAmbient AirAnyReference only

Thermal Limiting

When components get too hot, the bike reduces available power ("derating") to prevent damage. If you notice reduced performance after spirited riding, check your logs — high temps are likely the cause.

Key Riding Log Fields

FieldMeaningInsight
BattAmpsBattery currentOverall power flow (+out, -in)
MotAmpsMotor phase currentMotor torque demand
MotRPMMotor speedProportional to wheel speed
OdoOdometerTotal distance traveled
PackSOCBattery %Range indicator
VpackPack voltageSags under load, recovers at rest

Temperature limits and behavior may vary by model year and firmware version. Consult your Zero Owner's Manual for your specific bike.